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I knew nothing of atrocity, bureaucracy, or colony, but the size of their empire stuck out to me. Rushing to the end of the atlas, the rapid disappearance of that Spanish Empire confused me. What could cause an empire like that simply to disappear? Numerous historians have offered their own answers to this debacle over the years.

While those dug Spain deeper, they are consequences more than causes. The real cause came from the very beginning, when Spain first integrated the American colonies into its economy. The Spanish management of the Americas and its riches in the century after discovery started them on their journey to financial ruin and relative insignificance.

The Spanish fatally held absolute confidence in the American colonies as a source of endless wealth and power and acted accordingly, causing their economy and prominence to come crashing down because of it. The style of and motivations for Spanish colonization are essential to understanding how the American colonies began the ultimate decline.

His initial letter to the king and queen of Spain also provides a window into what Columbus saw as Spanish motivations. While fame and faith were certainly important, the finances played a massive role in motivating that Spanish expansion.

The immediate price inflation caused by the shipments of gold and silver set in motion the avalanche that would take with it the Spanish economy.

The first Spanish conquistadores were thrilled to see all the gold and silver worn by the Aztec and Incan royalty and strove themselves to find the mines that offered such valuable substance.

The American bullion put major pressure on the Spanish economy, and this pressure was only increased with the new costs that came with the empire. The costs of the vast and distant American colonies put significant pressure on the peninsular economy contributing to the ultimate financial struggles underlying the Spanish decline.

Both money and good people were needed by these budding Spanish societies in America, and the absence of these two things from Spain negatively impacted the peninsula. The vastness and distance of the Americas complicated defending the new borders around and trade between.

Trade and communication between Madrid and the New World was difficult in optimal conditions, so the threat of foreign powers intervening made it all the more difficult. The Crown experimented with various measures attempting to counterbalance this precarious issue, but the attempts never quite appeased the situation as these defensive costs were coupled with constant ambitious military campaigns.

The Spanish Habsburg kings could not help but fall into the trap of using their newly acquired and greatly desired bullion to finance extremely costly military ventures that stretched the Spanish economy even more thinly.

The newfound gold and silver funded the aggressive tactics of the monarchs both directly through payments and indirectly through paying back loans taken to pay for the armies.

Mauricio Drelichman summed it well:. The debt continually grew as conflicts all over Europe were incited and continued by armies paid by the Spanish American silver.

The costs of the conflicts coupled with the costs of repaying the debts accumulated for these conflicts neutralized any benefit the gold and silver may have created, and they added to the initial economic woes of price inflation and the American imperial toll.

The constant acquisition of loans by the Habsburg monarchs and the required subsequent repayments further dug the Spanish economy into an inescapable hole that would suffocate the country on the eve of modernity. The borrowing itself was not the issue; rather, it was the places where it was funneled.

Recklessly misused, it merely hastened the inevitable crash. As debts piled up from this borrowing, the Spanish became inventive with loan types that pushed Spain into bankruptcy. The Spanish concocted new strategies with the inland loaners to continue to borrow as much as anyone was willing to loan and to drive the debt to all new heights.

These loans reached such a deficit that Philip II restructured them for juros , a very similar style of loan, in , when bankruptcy was declared that year. The Crown tried to offset the drastic deficits through increased and clever taxation schemes, but these schemes ultimately served to hurt the common people in a way that would hold Spain back even further.

It did, however, increase the suffering of the poor. The wealth gap this expanded worked to undermine further profitable capital that may have been generated from this group of people that may have spurred growth that could counteract the inevitable decline.

The Spanish taxes perpetuated struggles and stunted growth, and policy changes were unable to slow the current economic decay. In the century following the discovery of America, Spain struggled with a population decline sourced in the American imperialism that was recognized by the contemporaries of the time and contributed to even further economic woes.

Fewer men for service also increased the need to hire foreign armies whose payments drove the Crown to undertake reckless borrowing that stymied Spanish economic capabilities. The royal taxation disproportionately disadvantaged the public that had little money to spare, and the price inflation that exceeded wage increases exacerbated this effect.

Despite all the gold and silver that passed through the city of Seville and Spanish hands, it did little to improve the situation on the ground for the people, both representing and increasing financial hardships.

These men saw what they believed to be laziness among people in Spain while observing the many who left their posts in pursuit of riches.

The prospects for financial gain drove hordes to the New World and, in the eyes of the Spaniards then, ruined the Spanish work ethic Erauso later defended in her memoir.

Cellorigo, Ribadeneyra, and Erauso all interacted with the sixteenth-century Spaniard firsthand and bring valuable insight to scholars centuries later; however, theirs are inherently biased perspectives.

Cellorigo wrote his piece to the King and avoided placing any blame on the Crown so the people were a natural scapegoat. Ribadeneyra wrote following a historical defeat at sea and was searching for any kind of explanation for such a loss.

Erauso simply observed the words of soldiers in South America that may not have reflected peninsular Spaniards. These generalizations appear to be common assumptions shared by those witnessing Spanish degradation, although Drelichman found evidence of the idleness they were explaining.

His discovery was as follows:. Calculations based on the census of households of allow one to infer that by that time at least 12 percent of the Spanish population enjoyed hidalgo status. Spain was already struggling with the size of its working class, and exempting possible workers only worsened it.

Essentially, the creation of hidalgos was another example of the Crown playing directly into future financial decline as they created even more idle hands in a country strapped for workers.

The peninsular Spaniard, both in absence and in presence, furthered the economic collapse that would suffocate Spain heading into the modern era.

Spain long knew it was sliding into the abyss, but it was already too late to stop it. The decline did not surprise the Spanish leaders or people.

The Spanish knew that they had gone astray, but history suggests that it was too late for them to correct or that they were not willing to take the necessary steps to do so.

Could the Spanish really have passed on the opportunity for this Empire? The people they found had seemingly endless resources, the areas were primed for commercial agriculture, and the continent had unfathomable stretches of European-free land.

At present-day Mulege, the men hit the jackpot. A big storm had washed thousands of oysters up onto the beach and men quickly filled their Why is the USA trying to erase Spanish conquistador imperial strategies in the way we imagine them. Then Cortes hits the jackpot-he tricks lepers.info › spanishempiremaritime

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